diff --git a/simulation/SimulationManager.gd b/simulation/SimulationManager.gd
index 886b5eb..89fdb74 100644
--- a/simulation/SimulationManager.gd
+++ b/simulation/SimulationManager.gd
@@ -309,4 +309,91 @@ func get_state_snapshot() -> Dictionary:
 	}
 
 func get_state_checksum() -> String:
-	return JSON.stringify(get_state_snapshot()).sha256_text()
+	return create_state_record().to_json().sha256_text()
+
+func create_state_record() -> SimulationStateRecord:
+	var record := SimulationStateRecord.new()
+	var wander_streams: Array[Dictionary] = []
+	var sorted_npc_ids: Array = wander_random_sources.keys()
+	sorted_npc_ids.sort()
+	for npc_id in sorted_npc_ids:
+		var source: RandomNumberGenerator = wander_random_sources[npc_id]
+		wander_streams.append({
+			"npc_id": int(npc_id),
+			"seed": str(source.seed),
+			"state": str(source.state)
+		})
+
+	record.simulation = {
+		"seed": simulation_seed,
+		"tick_interval": tick_interval,
+		"tick_count": tick_count,
+		"clock_accumulator": clock.accumulator,
+		"clock_elapsed_ticks": clock.elapsed_ticks,
+		"wander_random_streams": wander_streams
+	}
+	record.village = VillageStateRecord.capture(village)
+	for npc in npcs:
+		record.npcs.append(NPCStateRecord.capture(npc))
+
+	var resource_nodes := ResourceNode.get_all()
+	resource_nodes.sort_custom(
+		func(a: ResourceNode, b: ResourceNode) -> bool:
+			return String(a.node_id) < String(b.node_id)
+	)
+	var captured_resource_ids := {}
+	for node in resource_nodes:
+		if captured_resource_ids.has(node.node_id):
+			continue
+		captured_resource_ids[node.node_id] = true
+		record.resources.append(ResourceStateRecord.capture(node))
+	return record
+
+func serialize_state() -> String:
+	return create_state_record().to_json()
+
+func restore_state_from_json(json_text: String) -> bool:
+	var record := SimulationStateRecord.from_json(json_text)
+	if record == null:
+		push_error("SimulationManager: refused invalid or unsupported simulation state")
+		return false
+	return restore_state(record)
+
+func restore_state(record: SimulationStateRecord) -> bool:
+	if record == null:
+		return false
+
+	simulation_seed = int(record.simulation["seed"])
+	tick_interval = float(record.simulation["tick_interval"])
+	tick_count = int(record.simulation["tick_count"])
+	clock = SimulationClock.new(tick_interval)
+	clock.accumulator = float(record.simulation["clock_accumulator"])
+	clock.elapsed_ticks = int(record.simulation["clock_elapsed_ticks"])
+	village = record.village.restore(debug_logs)
+
+	npcs.clear()
+	for npc_record in record.npcs:
+		npcs.append(npc_record.restore(debug_logs))
+
+	wander_random_sources.clear()
+	var wander_streams: Array = record.simulation["wander_random_streams"]
+	for stream_data in wander_streams:
+		var source := RandomNumberGenerator.new()
+		source.seed = String(stream_data["seed"]).to_int()
+		source.state = String(stream_data["state"]).to_int()
+		wander_random_sources[int(stream_data["npc_id"])] = source
+
+	for resource_record in record.resources:
+		var node_id := StringName(resource_record.data["node_id"])
+		var node := ResourceNode.get_by_id(node_id)
+		if node == null:
+			push_warning(
+				"SimulationManager: resource state '%s' has no loaded presentation node"
+				% node_id
+			)
+			continue
+		if not resource_record.restore(node):
+			return false
+
+	village_changed.emit(village)
+	return true
diff --git a/simulation/state/NPCStateRecord.gd b/simulation/state/NPCStateRecord.gd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc991e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/simulation/state/NPCStateRecord.gd
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+class_name NPCStateRecord
+extends RefCounted
+
+const SCHEMA_VERSION := 1
+
+var data: Dictionary
+
+func _init(record_data: Dictionary = {}) -> void:
+	data = record_data.duplicate(true)
+
+static func capture(npc: SimNPC) -> NPCStateRecord:
+	return NPCStateRecord.new({
+		"schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION,
+		"id": npc.id,
+		"name": npc.npc_name,
+		"profession": npc.profession,
+		"hunger": npc.hunger,
+		"energy": npc.energy,
+		"strength": npc.strength,
+		"intelligence": npc.intelligence,
+		"current_task": npc.current_task,
+		"task_state": npc.task_state,
+		"position": [npc.position.x, npc.position.y, npc.position.z],
+		"is_starving": npc.is_starving,
+		"starvation_ticks": npc.starvation_ticks,
+		"starvation_death_threshold": npc.starvation_death_threshold,
+		"is_dead": npc.is_dead,
+		"task_duration": npc.task_duration,
+		"task_progress": npc.task_progress,
+		"task_complete": npc.task_complete,
+		"target_id": String(npc.target_id),
+		"last_task": npc.last_task,
+		"random_seed": str(npc.random_source.seed),
+		"random_state": str(npc.random_source.state)
+	})
+
+static func from_dictionary(record_data: Dictionary) -> NPCStateRecord:
+	if int(record_data.get("schema_version", -1)) != SCHEMA_VERSION:
+		return null
+	if not record_data.has_all([
+		"id", "name", "profession", "hunger", "energy", "strength",
+		"intelligence", "current_task", "task_state", "position",
+		"is_starving", "starvation_ticks", "starvation_death_threshold",
+		"is_dead", "task_duration", "task_progress", "task_complete",
+		"target_id", "last_task", "random_seed", "random_state"
+	]):
+		return null
+	var saved_position = record_data["position"]
+	if not saved_position is Array or saved_position.size() != 3:
+		return null
+	return NPCStateRecord.new(record_data)
+
+func restore(debug_logs: bool) -> SimNPC:
+	var random_source := RandomNumberGenerator.new()
+	random_source.seed = String(data["random_seed"]).to_int()
+	var npc := SimNPC.new(
+		int(data["id"]),
+		String(data["name"]),
+		String(data["profession"]),
+		float(data["strength"]),
+		float(data["intelligence"]),
+		random_source
+	)
+	var saved_position: Array = data["position"]
+	npc.hunger = float(data["hunger"])
+	npc.energy = float(data["energy"])
+	npc.current_task = String(data["current_task"])
+	npc.task_state = String(data["task_state"])
+	npc.position = Vector3(
+		float(saved_position[0]),
+		float(saved_position[1]),
+		float(saved_position[2])
+	)
+	npc.is_starving = bool(data["is_starving"])
+	npc.starvation_ticks = int(data["starvation_ticks"])
+	npc.starvation_death_threshold = int(data["starvation_death_threshold"])
+	npc.is_dead = bool(data["is_dead"])
+	npc.task_duration = float(data["task_duration"])
+	npc.task_progress = float(data["task_progress"])
+	npc.task_complete = bool(data["task_complete"])
+	npc.target_id = StringName(data["target_id"])
+	npc.last_task = String(data["last_task"])
+	npc.random_source.state = String(data["random_state"]).to_int()
+	npc.debug_logs = debug_logs
+	return npc
+
+func to_dictionary() -> Dictionary:
+	return data.duplicate(true)
diff --git a/simulation/state/NPCStateRecord.gd.uid b/simulation/state/NPCStateRecord.gd.uid
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c1a033
--- /dev/null
+++ b/simulation/state/NPCStateRecord.gd.uid
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+uid://wf605vpwv8vn
diff --git a/simulation/state/ResourceStateRecord.gd b/simulation/state/ResourceStateRecord.gd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eba911c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/simulation/state/ResourceStateRecord.gd
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+class_name ResourceStateRecord
+extends RefCounted
+
+const SCHEMA_VERSION := 1
+
+var data: Dictionary
+
+func _init(record_data: Dictionary = {}) -> void:
+	data = record_data.duplicate(true)
+
+static func capture(node: ResourceNode) -> ResourceStateRecord:
+	return ResourceStateRecord.new({
+		"schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION,
+		"node_id": String(node.node_id),
+		"amount_remaining": node.amount_remaining,
+		"reserved_by": node.reserved_by,
+		"enabled": node.enabled
+	})
+
+static func from_dictionary(record_data: Dictionary) -> ResourceStateRecord:
+	if int(record_data.get("schema_version", -1)) != SCHEMA_VERSION:
+		return null
+	if not record_data.has_all([
+		"node_id", "amount_remaining", "reserved_by", "enabled"
+	]):
+		return null
+	if String(record_data["node_id"]).is_empty():
+		return null
+	return ResourceStateRecord.new(record_data)
+
+func restore(node: ResourceNode) -> bool:
+	if node == null or node.node_id != StringName(data["node_id"]):
+		return false
+	node.restore_persistent_state(
+		float(data["amount_remaining"]),
+		int(data["reserved_by"]),
+		bool(data["enabled"])
+	)
+	return true
+
+func to_dictionary() -> Dictionary:
+	return data.duplicate(true)
diff --git a/simulation/state/ResourceStateRecord.gd.uid b/simulation/state/ResourceStateRecord.gd.uid
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b16fde1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/simulation/state/ResourceStateRecord.gd.uid
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+uid://pflq8apn87d6
diff --git a/simulation/state/SimulationStateRecord.gd b/simulation/state/SimulationStateRecord.gd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b03ba09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/simulation/state/SimulationStateRecord.gd
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+class_name SimulationStateRecord
+extends RefCounted
+
+const SCHEMA_NAME := "the_steward.simulation"
+const SCHEMA_VERSION := 1
+
+var simulation: Dictionary
+var village: VillageStateRecord
+var npcs: Array[NPCStateRecord] = []
+var resources: Array[ResourceStateRecord] = []
+
+func to_dictionary() -> Dictionary:
+	var npc_data: Array[Dictionary] = []
+	for npc_record in npcs:
+		npc_data.append(npc_record.to_dictionary())
+
+	var resource_data: Array[Dictionary] = []
+	for resource_record in resources:
+		resource_data.append(resource_record.to_dictionary())
+
+	return {
+		"schema": SCHEMA_NAME,
+		"schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION,
+		"simulation": simulation.duplicate(true),
+		"village": village.to_dictionary(),
+		"npcs": npc_data,
+		"resources": resource_data
+	}
+
+func to_json() -> String:
+	return JSON.stringify(to_dictionary())
+
+static func from_json(json_text: String) -> SimulationStateRecord:
+	var parsed = JSON.parse_string(json_text)
+	if not parsed is Dictionary:
+		return null
+	return from_dictionary(parsed)
+
+static func from_dictionary(record_data: Dictionary) -> SimulationStateRecord:
+	if record_data.get("schema", "") != SCHEMA_NAME:
+		return null
+	if int(record_data.get("schema_version", -1)) != SCHEMA_VERSION:
+		return null
+	if not record_data.has_all([
+		"simulation", "village", "npcs", "resources"
+	]):
+		return null
+
+	var simulation_data = record_data["simulation"]
+	if not simulation_data is Dictionary:
+		return null
+	if not simulation_data.has_all([
+		"seed", "tick_interval", "tick_count", "clock_accumulator",
+		"clock_elapsed_ticks", "wander_random_streams"
+	]):
+		return null
+	var wander_streams = simulation_data["wander_random_streams"]
+	if not wander_streams is Array:
+		return null
+	for stream_data in wander_streams:
+		if not stream_data is Dictionary:
+			return null
+		if not stream_data.has_all(["npc_id", "seed", "state"]):
+			return null
+
+	var village_data = record_data["village"]
+	if not village_data is Dictionary:
+		return null
+	var village_record := VillageStateRecord.from_dictionary(village_data)
+	if village_record == null:
+		return null
+
+	var npc_data = record_data["npcs"]
+	var resource_data = record_data["resources"]
+	if not npc_data is Array or not resource_data is Array:
+		return null
+
+	var record := SimulationStateRecord.new()
+	record.simulation = simulation_data.duplicate(true)
+	record.village = village_record
+	var npc_ids := {}
+
+	for item in npc_data:
+		if not item is Dictionary:
+			return null
+		var npc_record := NPCStateRecord.from_dictionary(item)
+		if npc_record == null:
+			return null
+		var npc_id := int(npc_record.data["id"])
+		if npc_ids.has(npc_id):
+			return null
+		npc_ids[npc_id] = true
+		record.npcs.append(npc_record)
+
+	var resource_ids := {}
+	for item in resource_data:
+		if not item is Dictionary:
+			return null
+		var resource_record := ResourceStateRecord.from_dictionary(item)
+		if resource_record == null:
+			return null
+		var resource_id := String(resource_record.data["node_id"])
+		if resource_ids.has(resource_id):
+			return null
+		resource_ids[resource_id] = true
+		record.resources.append(resource_record)
+
+	return record
diff --git a/simulation/state/SimulationStateRecord.gd.uid b/simulation/state/SimulationStateRecord.gd.uid
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f9b78e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/simulation/state/SimulationStateRecord.gd.uid
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+uid://nmke245eadkk
diff --git a/simulation/state/VillageStateRecord.gd b/simulation/state/VillageStateRecord.gd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b98de3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/simulation/state/VillageStateRecord.gd
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+class_name VillageStateRecord
+extends RefCounted
+
+const SCHEMA_VERSION := 1
+
+var data: Dictionary
+
+func _init(record_data: Dictionary = {}) -> void:
+	data = record_data.duplicate(true)
+
+static func capture(village: SimVillage) -> VillageStateRecord:
+	return VillageStateRecord.new({
+		"schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION,
+		"food": village.food,
+		"wood": village.wood,
+		"safety": village.safety,
+		"knowledge": village.knowledge
+	})
+
+static func from_dictionary(record_data: Dictionary) -> VillageStateRecord:
+	if int(record_data.get("schema_version", -1)) != SCHEMA_VERSION:
+		return null
+	if not record_data.has_all(["food", "wood", "safety", "knowledge"]):
+		return null
+	return VillageStateRecord.new(record_data)
+
+func restore(debug_logs: bool) -> SimVillage:
+	var village := SimVillage.new()
+	village.debug_logs = debug_logs
+	village.food = float(data["food"])
+	village.wood = float(data["wood"])
+	village.safety = float(data["safety"])
+	village.knowledge = float(data["knowledge"])
+	village.update_modifiers()
+	village.update_priorities()
+	return village
+
+func to_dictionary() -> Dictionary:
+	return data.duplicate(true)
diff --git a/simulation/state/VillageStateRecord.gd.uid b/simulation/state/VillageStateRecord.gd.uid
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95d8276
--- /dev/null
+++ b/simulation/state/VillageStateRecord.gd.uid
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+uid://cipncpfigveuh
diff --git a/tests/simulation_state_serialization_test.gd b/tests/simulation_state_serialization_test.gd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2531e6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/simulation_state_serialization_test.gd
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+extends SceneTree
+
+var failures: Array[String] = []
+
+func _initialize() -> void:
+	call_deferred("_run")
+
+func _run() -> void:
+	await _test_deterministic_continuation()
+	await _test_resource_state_round_trip()
+	_test_schema_rejection()
+
+	if failures.is_empty():
+		print("[TEST] Simulation state serialization passed")
+		quit(0)
+		return
+
+	for failure in failures:
+		push_error("[TEST] " + failure)
+	quit(1)
+
+func _test_deterministic_continuation() -> void:
+	var uninterrupted := _create_manager(91234)
+	_advance_scenario(uninterrupted, 24)
+	uninterrupted.clock.advance(0.5)
+	_advance_scenario(uninterrupted, 24)
+	var uninterrupted_checksum: String = uninterrupted.get_state_checksum()
+
+	var before_save := _create_manager(91234)
+	_advance_scenario(before_save, 24)
+	before_save.clock.advance(0.5)
+	var saved_json: String = before_save.serialize_state()
+
+	var restored := _create_manager(1)
+	_check(
+		restored.restore_state_from_json(saved_json),
+		"A valid versioned state should restore into a fresh manager"
+	)
+	_check(restored.tick_count == 24, "Tick count should survive restoration")
+	_check(
+		is_equal_approx(restored.clock.accumulator, 0.5),
+		"Clock remainder should survive restoration"
+	)
+	_advance_scenario(restored, 24)
+	var restored_checksum: String = restored.get_state_checksum()
+	if restored_checksum != uninterrupted_checksum:
+		print(
+			"[TEST] uninterrupted=",
+			uninterrupted.serialize_state(),
+			"\n[TEST] restored=",
+			restored.serialize_state()
+		)
+	_check(
+		restored_checksum == uninterrupted_checksum,
+		"Restored simulation should match uninterrupted deterministic continuation"
+	)
+
+	uninterrupted.free()
+	before_save.free()
+	restored.free()
+
+func _test_resource_state_round_trip() -> void:
+	var resource: ResourceNode = load(
+		"res://world/resource_nodes/ResourceNode.tscn"
+	).instantiate()
+	resource.node_id = &"SerializationTestBerry"
+	resource.amount_remaining = 9.0
+	resource.yield_per_action = 2.0
+	root.add_child(resource)
+	await process_frame
+
+	_check(resource.reserve(42), "Resource should accept the test reservation")
+	resource.extract()
+
+	var manager := _create_manager(77)
+	var saved_json: String = manager.serialize_state()
+	resource.extract(5.0)
+	resource.release(42)
+	resource.enabled = false
+
+	_check(
+		manager.restore_state_from_json(saved_json),
+		"Resource state should restore with the simulation record"
+	)
+	_check(
+		is_equal_approx(resource.amount_remaining, 7.0),
+		"Resource amount should round-trip"
+	)
+	_check(resource.reserved_by == 42, "Resource reservation should round-trip")
+	_check(resource.enabled, "Resource enabled state should round-trip")
+
+	manager.free()
+	resource.free()
+
+func _test_schema_rejection() -> void:
+	var unsupported := JSON.stringify({
+		"schema": SimulationStateRecord.SCHEMA_NAME,
+		"schema_version": 999
+	})
+	_check(
+		SimulationStateRecord.from_json(unsupported) == null,
+		"Unsupported schema versions should be rejected"
+	)
+	_check(
+		SimulationStateRecord.from_json("[]") == null,
+		"Non-record JSON should be rejected"
+	)
+
+func _create_manager(seed_value: int) -> Node:
+	var manager: Node = load("res://simulation/SimulationManager.gd").new()
+	manager.simulation_seed = seed_value
+	manager.debug_logs = false
+	root.add_child(manager)
+	manager.set_process(false)
+	return manager
+
+func _advance_scenario(manager: Node, steps: int) -> void:
+	for step in steps:
+		manager.simulate_tick()
+		for npc in manager.npcs:
+			manager.get_wander_offset(npc.id)
+			if npc.task_state == SimNPC.TASK_STATE_TRAVELING:
+				manager.notify_npc_arrived(npc.id)
+
+func _check(condition: bool, message: String) -> void:
+	if not condition:
+		failures.append(message)
diff --git a/tests/simulation_state_serialization_test.gd.uid b/tests/simulation_state_serialization_test.gd.uid
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7741640
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/simulation_state_serialization_test.gd.uid
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+uid://5c7luv7p1odh
diff --git a/world/resource_nodes/ResourceNode.gd b/world/resource_nodes/ResourceNode.gd
index 1dc3dcc..feca3bb 100644
--- a/world/resource_nodes/ResourceNode.gd
+++ b/world/resource_nodes/ResourceNode.gd
@@ -75,6 +75,20 @@ func extract(requested_amount: float = yield_per_action) -> float:
 			$Visual.visible = false
 	return extracted
 
+func restore_persistent_state(
+	saved_amount: float,
+	saved_reserved_by: int,
+	saved_enabled: bool
+) -> void:
+	amount_remaining = maxf(saved_amount, 0.0)
+	reserved_by = saved_reserved_by if amount_remaining > 0.0 else -1
+	enabled = saved_enabled
+	amount_changed.emit(node_id, amount_remaining)
+	reservation_changed.emit(node_id, reserved_by)
+	if has_node("Visual"):
+		$Visual.visible = not (hide_visual_when_depleted and is_depleted())
+	_update_debug_label()
+
 func _update_debug_label(_a = null, _b = null) -> void:
 	if not has_node("DebugLabel"):
 		return
@@ -92,6 +106,9 @@ static func get_by_id(node_id: StringName) -> ResourceNode:
 			return node
 	return null
 
+static func get_all() -> Array[ResourceNode]:
+	return _all.duplicate()
+
 static func find_available(action: StringName, agent_id: int, from_position: Vector3) -> ResourceNode:
 	var best: ResourceNode
 	var best_dist := INF